Hayom Yom 6 Adar 2 - Every word in Tanya is precise

The daily Hayom Yom with Rabbi Yosef Katzman

הפטורה: וַתִּשְׁלַם כָּל הַמְּלָאכָה

The haftarah to be read this week [Parshas Pekudei] begins Vatishlam kol hamelachah [from I Melachim 7:51 and 8:1-21].

בְּבִּרְכוֹת הָהַפְטוֹרָה אוֹמְרִים תָּמִיד: נֶאֱמָן וְרַחֲמָן אָתָּה, תּוֹשִׁיעַ וּתְשַׂמַּח

In the blessings that follow every haftarah, the wording to be used is ne’eman verachaman Atah and toshia u’sesamach.

מְקוּבָּל אֵצֶל זִקְנֵי אַנְשֵׁי שְׁלוֹמֵינוּ

According to a tradition handed down by chassidic elders,

סֵפֶר הַתַּנְיָא הוּא לִקוּטֵי עֵצוֹת

the Tanya comprises the words of counsel

מַה שֶׁעָנָה רַבֵּנוּ הַגָּדוֹל לְאַנְשֵׁי שְׁלוֹמֵינוּ עַל יְחִידוּת בִּשְׁנוֹת תּק"מ-תּק"ן

that the Alter Rebbe gave to chassidim who consulted him individually at yechidus between the years 5540 (1780) and 5550 (1790).

בְּקַיִץ תּקנ"ב הִתְחִיל לְסַדֵּר אֶת סֵפֶר הַתַּנְיָא בְּצוּרָתוֹ כְּמוֹ שֶׁהוּא עַתָּה לְפָנֵינוּ

In the summer of 5552 (1792), he began to give the Tanya its present structure.

תּקנ"ג כְּבַר הָיוּ הַעְתָּקוֹת רַבּוֹת מִמֶּנּוּ

By 5553 (1793) there were already many manuscript copies.

וּבְמֶשֶׁךְ הַזְּמַן נִשְׁתַּבְּשׁוּ, וְגַם הִתְחִילוּ לְזַיְּפוֹ

Over the course of time, errors crept into the text and [the misnagdim] also began to produce forgeries.

וּמֵ‏הַאי טַעְמָא נִזְדָּרֵז רַבֵּנוּ לְמָסְרוֹ לִדְפוּס

This is why the Alter Rebbe applied his energies to having it printed [in 5557 (1796)].

יֵשׁ נוּסַח אַחֵר

According to another tradition,

עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה כָּתַב רַבֵּנוּ אֶת סִפְרוֹ הַתַּנְיָא

the Alter Rebbe composed the Tanya in the course of 20 years,

וְדִיֵּק בְּכָל תֵּיבָה וְתֵיבָה

choosing every word precisely.

בִּשְׁנַת תּקנ"ה כְּבַר הָיָה צָרוּף וְזָקוּק

By the year 5555 (1795), when the text was refined and polished,

וְאָז נָתַן רְשׁוּת לְהַעְתִּיקוֹ

he gave permission to copy it.

וּכְשֶׁרַבּוּ הַהַעְתָּקוֹת וְנִשְׁתַּבְּשׁוּ מְסָרוֹ לִדְפוּס

When the manuscript copies increased and errors crept in, he gave it to print.

הַצֶּמַח צֶדֶק סִפֵּר

The Tzemach Tzedek related

אֲשֶׁר, בְּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה לְחַיָּיו — שְׁנַת תּק"ן

that on the first Rosh HaShanah of his life, in 5550 (1789),

אָמַר רַבֵּנוּ הַגָּדוֹל דְּרוּשׁ מַשְׁבִּיעִין אוֹתוֹ תְּהִי צַדִּיק וכו

[his grandfather] the Alter Rebbe delivered a maamar [that opened with the teaching], “An oath is administered [to the soul]: ‘Be a tzaddik….’ “

וְהוּא הוּא שְׁלֹשֶׁת פְּרָקִים הָרִאשׁוֹנִים שֶׁל סֵפֶר הַתַּנְיָא

That discourse constitutes the first three chapters of the Tanya.

Text and Translation courtesy of Sichos in English